The word fibromyalgia means pain in the muscles and fibrous connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments. It is a syndrome because there are a group of symptoms that occur together. About two percent of the population has fibromyalgia. Women are 10 times more likely than men to suffer from Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS).
Estimates of the prevalence of fibromyalgia in America range from 3 to 10 million. Many with FMS go undiagnosed. There is no cure currently. But staying physically active and working closely with your doctor will help you manage the many symptoms.
Common Symptoms
There can be numerous symptoms, but the most common symptoms include:
- Generalized pain, achiness, and stiffness throughout the body with tender points where pain is greater
- Numbness and tingling in the hands, arms, feet, and face
- Fatigue and inability to go into deep sleep
- Depression, anxiety, poor concentration, and frequent changes in mood
- Abdominal pain and bloating
- Irritable bowel syndrome – alternating constipation and diarrhea
- Restless leg syndrome
- Headaches, including migraine headaches
- Poor bladder control
Diagnosis is Difficult
Because there is no swelling or joint damage, FMS is often difficult to diagnose. It might take years to come to a definitive diagnosis.
- Doctors have found 18 potential trigger points in the body where pain might occur. If 11 or more of these points are sore and tender over a period of at least three months, FMS can be diagnosed.
- A complete medical history and thorough exam help rule out other causes.
- A rheumatologist (arthritis specialist) is trained in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis, and would be most familiar with the symptoms and diagnosis of FMS.
Treatment Helps — But Does Not Cure
There is no single treatment of choice. Because of the variety and intensity of symptoms, several treatments may be used.
- Anti-inflammatory medications such as NSAIDs (aspirin, ibuprophen) and acetaminophen can be used to lessen pain.
- Exercise and physical activity can help maintain and improve muscle flexibility and cardiovascular fitness.
- Restriction of drinking alcoholic beverages, smoking, or drinking caffeinated beverages can improve sleep.
- Anti-depressant medications can help improve sleep and manage depression.
- Relaxation techniques can help control pain.
- Counseling and support groups can help you cope with pain, stress, and depression.
Summary
If you have had some or most of these symptoms over a period of time, see your doctor or a rheumatologist for thorough tests. FMS can be treated and quality of life can be enhanced. An accurate diagnosis can provide peace of mind as well as medical assistance. |
