What Is the Risk?
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are common and take many forms.
In some cases, an STD will also increase the risk of cancer, such as cancer of the cervix. The biggest risk factor for cervical cancer is HPV (human papillomavirus) which is closely linked to some types of the virus that cause genital warts.
According to the American Cancer Society, more than 3,600 American women die each year from cervical cancer.
Women who had first intercourse at an early age, who have multiple sexual partners, and who smoke cigarettes are at highest risk of contracting cervical cancer. Having low income is also a risk factor. When it's diagnosed in its early stages, cervical cancer is one of the most treatable cancers, according to the American Cancer Society.
Symptoms of Cervical Cancer
Early-stage cervical cancer often doesn't show symptoms, so it's important to have regular Pap exams. If you experience any of the following, contact your healthcare provider right away:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding or spotting
- Abnormal vaginal discharge
- Vaginal pain, more common in later stages of the disease
Having a symptom of cervical cancer doesn't mean you have it. These symptoms can also be caused by other health problems.
Reducing the Risks
The rules of safe sex to reduce cancer risk are the same as the rules to reduce the risk of HIV infection.
- All women who are sexually active or have reached age 18 should have a Pap test annually, or as recommended by their doctor.
- Use condoms for disease protection during sex.
- Avoid unprotected sex and other high-risk activities.
- Risk is reduced by limiting the number of sexual partners you have.
- Abstinence is the only guaranteed way to not get an STD.
- Know your sexual partners, their sexual histories, and their medical histories.
- Make wise sexual decisions. There might not be a second chance.
If you have any symptoms, need some medical answers, or fear you might have been infected, see your doctor or medical care team immediately.
Anyone who has the HIV infection or AIDS has a depressed immune system and is at increased risk for many types of cancer. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sex. There is currently no cure for HIV/AIDS. |
